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• Advantages and disadvantages of red cabbage juice indicator. 7. Formula 409™), washing soda, vinegar, lemon juice, milk 1. Red cabbage gets its colour from compounds called anthocyanins in its leaves. Advantages->Can give a quick look at an item and show the pH level without looking at any technology. Put the red cabbage leaves into the blender with 800mL of water. Despite this variety, all acids tend to react with other substances in much the same way. However, the disadvantages is it, then not very accurate within our party, precise. 025 M HNO3, but a poor choice for use in a titration of 0. 6 days ago · An indicator reveals if a substance is acidic or basic. In this article, we will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using red cabbage juice indicator in chemical experiments. The household solutions that are acids are Vinegar, Lemon Juice, and Soda what proves this is the pH sensor levels. Cut the dry colored paper into test strips. Red cabbage juice indicators are easy to make, exhibit a wide range of colors, and can be used to make your own pH paper strips. Place the cabbage in a large beaker or other glass container and add boiling water to cover the cabbage. Red cabbage is a healthful and delightful vegetable that is very popular all through the world for a number of reasons. Soak it for some time and later take the paper and dry it. Leave to cool for about 30 minutes. May 29, 2014 · hot plate. The red cabbage Jun 4, 2020 · The cabbage must be boiled in water to make the indicator solution. The major disadvantage of the universal indicator solution is that it is non-reusable. 25 M NaOH with 0. OBJECTIVES In this experiment, you will Use litmus paper and a pH Sensor to determine the pH values of household substances. Mar 29, 2024 · Using a natural indicator can be cheaper than using a pH meter. 25 M HCN. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of using cabbage indicator, litmus paper and universal indicator in determining whether a substance is acidic, basic or neutral. Tap water may not be neutral. 5 and blue above a pH of 8. Jan 1, 2013 · Synthetic indicators have certain disadvantages such as high cost, availability, and chemical pollution; hence natural indicators obtained from various plant parts like flowers, fruits, and leaves Oct 29, 2022 · This makes it a useful pH indicator. Alternatively, you can use a blender to blend the red cabbage and water until smooth. Sieve the water and cabbage into a jug – you will notice that the cabbage liquid is very purple. A disadvantage could be that the accuracy may not be what you are looking for, as a pH meter would be more accurate. Advantages. Jan 24, 2020 · Make your own pH indicator solution. Aug 7, 2022 · The pigment in red cabbage that causes the red color change is called flavin (an anthocyanin). STEP 3. Oct 6, 2023 · Best Answer. Advantages? Well, Litmus changes from red to blue right about pH7. Aug 12, 2020 · Red cabbage juice is considered to be an indicator because it shows us something about the chemical composition of other substances. Chop half a head of red cabbage into small pieces and add it to a pan with about a cup of water. However they change colour over a certain pH range (5 Jan 8, 2023 · Examples include litmus, red cabbage juice, turmeric, and grape juice. Most chronic illnesses such as diabetes, autoimmune disorders, and heart diseases often involve an underlying inflammation in the body that contributes to these diseases. Boil the cabbage for about ten minutes. Dec 3, 2020 · List advantages and disadvantages of litmus and red cabbage juice indicators. It is blue in neutral substances, like plain water. Feb 20, 2012 · 2012年2月8日星期三. Add 3 or 4 small (5 cm) pieces of red cabbage to the boiling water. Can be more Making the pH Indicator (this can be done in advance): 1. Jan 22, 2020 · The disadvantages of universal indicator solution are as follows. Blend the mixture and then pour it through the strainer into the large beaker or container. 5 to 4 kilograms (1 to 9 lb) in weight. Apply the turmeric paste on a filter paper and let it dry. The purple water acts as a natural pH indicator using beetroot! You can, of course, blend in mashed beets and filter out the beet flesh if you want a darker fluid, but just beets boiled in water works great. Jun 16, 2020 · A fun experiment to learn about acids and bases with a red cabbage indicator! Great resource for teachers and students! In-depth explanations so that student . 0 based on 464 user (s). Let the mixture cool for 5 to 10 minutes, then gently pour it through a strainer to remove the petals. Place the leaves in a blender and add 200 mL water. They're convenient, very easy to use. 3. Mar 20, 2011 · To make a lab coat, just have kids write their name in permanent marker on the pocket of an old button-down shirt. In solutions, acidic components release hydrogen ions, while basic ones release hydroxide (OH−) ions. Once it is dried, cut the paper into small strips and they are ready to be used for testing the pH of different solutions. When an acid like lemon juice gets in the water, a reaction makes the indicator molecule change shape and it looks pink. 7 p K a = 9. The advantage of a PH. (This should provide you with 600-800 ml of cabbage juice. We decided to test lemon juice, sugar, cinnamon applesauce, apple juice, milk, grape juice, apple cider vinegar, salt, filtered water, Coke Zero, and iced tea. Aug 7, 2022 · What are the advantages and disadvantages of red cabbage juice indicator? Ans: Red cabbage is a good indicator, but it has its disadvantages which are as follows: It is slower than litmus paper, it contaminates the solution, it does not tell about the acidic or basic strength, it requires more solutions than litmus paper, and if the solution is Making the pH Indicator (this can be done in advance): 1. Place 25-30 mL of cabbage juice indicator solution into a clean, dry cup. Leave it to cool and strain off the liquid, which is the indicator solution. Ask an adult to boil the cabbage and save the water. Firstly, use a filter paper (or coffee filter) and dip it in the concentrated solution obtained from red cabbage. 1 out of 5. If neutral, the color of the red cabbage indicator solution will be bluish-purple. Speeds Up the Recovery Process Cabbage leaves are used as a poultice. Jump into an exploration of acids, bases, and pH indicators using the household items you already have! Vernier chemistry expert Nüsret Hisim shows you how t The resulting liquid, called a "cabbage juice indicator," can be used to test the pH of a solution. May 18, 2017 · Indicators are chemicals which change colour at different acidities or alkalinities, allowing us to determine whether a substance is acidic or alkaline. Very acidic solutions will turn an anthocyanin red whereas neutral solutions will make it purplish and basic solutions will turn it greenish-yellow. We refer to cabbage juice as a pH indicator because it can tell us if a substance is acidic or basic by changing colour. food processor or knife and cutting board. Red cabbage helps prevent premature aging, build stronger bones, detoxify the body, improve the health of skin and hair, aiding weight loss, slow down Alzheimer’s and ulcers. The anthocyanins in the cabbage juice change color depending on the pH of the solution they are in, which can help us determine the pH of the cola drink or root beer Apr 23, 2016 · Just boil the beets in water for 30-60 minutes. Cabbage used for skin whitening and glowing, red and purple cabbage good for skin care. Immerse a red cabbage paper strip in the pH = 2 solution, remove it and after a minute take a picture. Jan 22, 2020 · Typically, by adding a pH indicator it detects hydrogen ions and the color of the solution changes according to the pH level. An indicator does not change colour from pure acidic to pure alkaline at specific hydrogen ion concentration, but rather colour change occurs over a range of hydrogen ion concentrations. Let it boil until the water begins to absorb the cabbage’s color. If it turns a greenish color it base. Put the chopped up red cabbage into a pan, add enough water so the cabbage is just covered. Study now. The indicator can be frozen in ice trays and saved for use. When anthocyanin comes in contact with the hydronium ions in an acid it turns pink, and when it comes in contact with the hydroxide ions in a base it turns blue or green. Figure 1 Preparing the red cabbage indicator and the homemade indicator paper. Take one or two teaspoonfuls of turmeric powder. Note: The color of the blended cabbage juice will depend on the pH of the water. This can cause environmental pollution. Allow it to cool before pouring in a bottle and using for the experiment What the acid base indicator is in cabbage juice? For example, red cabbages contain an indicator pigment molecule called flavin, which is a type of molecule called an anthocyanin. Only colorless solutions can give better results. Lowers the Signs of Ageing 2. The blue paper changes to red, indicating acidity somewhere between the pH range of 4. Acids, Bases, and Buffers CHEM& 121 Lab Partner Data Part A Red pH Red Cabbage Test Tube Blue Litmus (color) Solution Juice (color)values (colbr) no reaction 2. Take three leaves of the red cabbage and chop them into small pieces. What color (s) is (are) cabbage juice in acids? In bases? Can cabbage juice be used to determine the strength of acids or bases? Explain List the advantages and disadvantages of litmus paper, universal indicator, and pH meters. Boil for fifteen minutes. 2 ), but it is Jun 24, 2020 · What are the advantages and disadvantages of Red cabbage juice indicator? Ans: Red cabbage is a good indicator, but it has its disadvantages which are as follows: It is slower than litmus paper, it contaminates the solution, it does not tell about the acidic or basic strength, it requires more solutions than litmus paper, and if the solution is What are the advantages of cabbage juice indicators? List advantages and disadvantages of litmus and red cabbage juice indicators. Prepare a watery solution with pH = 3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using ion chromatography in a quantitative analysis of anions? Oct 20, 2021 · To make a fun pH indicator at home with hibiscus petals, place the petals in a heat-proof beaker or pan with water. Make a paste of it using water. So you get a conclusive yes/no, acid/base answer. Folate: 16 micrograms or 4% of the daily value. ∙ 11y ago. The cabbage indicator can be prepped ahead of time but I love when you can involve kids in the whole process! STEP 3. You may also like this. This step may take 5-10 minutes or more. Red cabbage color changes span the whole pH range. sieve, tea strainer or colander. Natural indicators have a variety of uses in chemistry and industry, including identifying and measuring the pH of a solution and monitoring the pH of water, soil, and other substances. Hold the bag at the top with one hand and squish the leaves in the water with the other Aug 7, 2022 · A purple-coloured solution called the red cabbage indicator determines if a product is acidic or basic. Cabbage head is normally 0. Chop a head of red cabbage. 530 Purple determine the different red cabbage juice indicator colors over the entire pH range. 1000 mL beaker or large size saucepan. Feb 11, 2020 · Initially, litmus paper is either red or blue. Add about a cup of water to the bag. There are 2 steps to solve this one. Red cabbage contains a chemical called anthocyanin. It should be deeply colored. Cut thin strips of this turmeric paper. Sep 1, 2022 · 8 uses and benefits of cabbage juice. a. How accurate is red cabbage indicator? 7. 10 Moeller of sodium hydroxide. Slower than litmus paper. If the sample is contaminated, the result may be incorrect. Heat the water over a Bunsen burner or hot plate and let it boil for about 5 minutes, or until the water turns dark red. Place a strainer over a large beaker or jar and pour the blended cabbage juice through the strainer. 5 to 6, and 1-14 accordingly. 890 Magenta 11. Let the juice cool. 37dark green Red blue no reaction 2. (Make the pieces small enough to fit into a blender) 2. Continue to boil the red cabbage in the water for about 5 minutes. Place 3 test tubes in a test tube rack. Add cabbage juice to the same substances and determine different red cabbage juice indicator colors over the entire pH range. Disadvantages of Using Red Cabbage Juice as an Indicator. Take a break if Feb 2, 2020 · Filter the liquid from the cabbage through a filter paper or coffee filter. Sep 24, 2021 · Method. 5. Tap water may be slightly basic. Meter is that they're very precise up doo doo born Jews. Advantages of Litmus Paper: It is simple to use and provides quick results. Another way to make the indicator is by blending the leaves or leaving The red cabbage extract proved to be the best natural pH indicator. For this purpose, you can use the same lemon juice or white vinegar. Vitamin C: 50. The water should turn blue or green. Also acids and bases can react to one another turning neutral. Place the chopped cabbage into the pan and cover it with water. The indicator mixed with alcohol will last for months! The strips can be refrigerated and will also last for months. The red cabbage water turned pink when acids were added and stayed purple or changed to a dark bluish-green when bases were added. They are also used in the production of certain products, such as food, cosmetics, and Nov 2, 2022 · What are the disadvantages of red cabbage juice indicators? Updated: 11/2/2022. That's enough to make a lifetime supply of indicator solultion!! Aug 7, 2022 · What are the advantages and disadvantages of red cabbage juice indicator? Ans: Red cabbage is a good indicator, but it has its disadvantages which are as follows: It is slower than litmus paper, it contaminates the solution, it does not tell about the acidic or basic strength, it requires more solutions than litmus paper, and if the solution is In this experiment, you will. ) Red litmus paper can indicate alkalinity with a change to blue. if indicator turns substance red it is acidic ,if blue then basic if no change what are the advantages and disadvantages of using the ph sensor, ph paper and red cabbage juice indicator to measure pH. Potential cancer protection: Cabbage juice contains a variety of antioxidants, such as sulfuric compounds and isocyanate, which The substances that chemists collectively call acids and bases come in many different forms. 2 0 < p H < 8. 1. 6. Break off the red cabbage leaves and add them to the boiling water. ) List advantages and disadvantages of litmus and red cabbage juice indicators. For example, phenolphthalein ( pKa = 9. 6) Place a funnel fitted with filter paper over a 400 mL beaker and filter the cabbage juice through the filter paper. 4-5 250 mL beakers or small jars. g. Plus, I'll bet I could buy a cabbage at Kroger for less than a dollar. After adding red cabbage juice to the same substances, you will determine the different red cabbage juice indicator colors over the entire pH range. Jul 11, 2023 · Vitamin K: 34 micrograms or 28% of the daily value. Use a dropper or toothpick to apply a little liquid to a test strip. Pour the mixture through a strainer into a large container. Average rating 4. Fruit . In test tube three, 0 g of Ascorbic acid mixed with the red cabbage juice turned Hot Pink. Once cabbage indicator solution has cooled, fill up each clear container halfway with the solution. Instructions: With the help of an adult, grate half of the head of red cabbage into the saucepan and add one cup of water. In general, litmus paper is red below a pH of 4. One of the advantages of using red cabbage indicator is its wide range of pH detection. Natural Indicators: Turmeric as an indicator. Different colors at many diffferent pH. These anthocyanins are peculiar in that they’re pH-sensitive, and this allows them to be used as pH indicators Feb 10, 2024 · The color of the blended cabbage juice will depend on the pH of the water. Test three solutions on each strip of litmus paper. 2. The turmeric paper is ready. Yes, others like Drain Cleaner and Detergent are below 7 ph level but, this is a guess having to do with the Red Cabbage Juice. Be sure to clean and dry the stirring rod after each solution. It can detect pH levels between 4 and 8, making it useful for testing both acidic and basic solutions. These help fight inflammation and associated diseases, such as cancer and heart disease. substances to test (recommended materials: baking soda, bathroom cleaner (e. Technique Advantages Disadvantages Litmus Paper pH Paper Red Cabbage Juice pH Meters. This pigment is a natural acid-base indicator. In fact, there are 36 types of anthocyanins in red Aug 7, 2022 · Red cabbage juice indicators are easy to make, exhibit a wide range of colors, and can be used to make your own pH paper strips. 5, 4. Record the color of each dot in the data table. Part 2 Red Cabbage Juice Indicator After completing Part 1, add about 2 mL of red cabbage juice indicator to each of the 6 test tubes. A solution with a pH between 5 and 7 is neutral, 8 or higher is a base, and 4 or lower is an acid. Make red cabbage indicator 1. To prepare the red cabbage indicator, cover 10 g fresh, chopped red cabbage leaves with 200 ml distilled water and bring to the boil. Jul 9, 2019 · Cabbage contains beta carotene, a precursor to vitamin A. Cabbage juice contains Vitamin A which works with Vitamin D to make your skin clear and healthy. · Make sure to include figures like the one for red cabbage provided (Colors of Red Cabbage Juice and Different pH values) but for grape juice and beet juice. Boil about 50 cm 3 of water in a beaker. Cut several strips of paper towel into two inch wide by four inch long strips. Making the pH Indicator (this can be done in advance): 1. Reactions involving bases also share many common characteristics with one another. It is an acid, because Red Cabbage Juice is an indicator, and White Vinegar Chemistry questions and answers. Allow it to dry. If neutral, the color of the red cabbage indicator solution will be a bluish-purple. In Vegetables. 4. In this video segment adapted from ZOOM, cast members demonstrate how to use cabbage juice to determine whether a solution is 1. Add a small amount of each test substance to a separate cup or container, and try to keep the amount of test 1. Simmer for 10 minutes. Keep adding leaves until the water is a deep purple, then strain the leaves out and place the cabbage indicator juice in a pitcher. Adapted from Experiment 21, “Household Acids and Bases”, from the Chemistry with Vernier Explain why methyl red would be a good indicator for the titration of 0. Red cabbage juice is also a heart-healthy beverage. Close the top and let it blend at high power for 30 seconds. Red Jul 29, 2019 · The disadvantages of a pH paper: It does not determine the exact pH of the solution, as compared pH meter. Each compound which can act as indicator has specific p K a value, and it is an important physical parameter to indicate the acidity of molecules. Still strain out cabbage pieces to keep just the liquid solution. Can red cabbage be used as a pH indicator? The pigment turns red in acidic environments with a pH less than 7 and the pigment turns bluish-green in alkaline (basic), environments with a pH greater than 7. How can you tell? a. 8. It does not tell acid strength. Red cabbage juice contains a natural pH indicator that changes colors according to the acidity of the solution. Strain out the cabbage from the cooled juice and pour the juice into the jar. Disadvantages->Not nearly as accurate as a pH level sensor. As Cabbage is rich in Vitamin C that has amazing anti-aging effects and helps you get a healthy and glowing skin. The pH of a solution is a numerical measure of how basic or acidic it is. Reduces the risk of chronic illnesses. Turn off the Bunsen burner and allow the beaker to cool for a few minutes. Aug 7, 2022 · August 7, 2022. The indicator changes color according to the solution’s nature. Phenolphthalein, bromothymol blue, methyl red, and Universal indicators are the most commonly used indicators indicating a pH range of about 8 to 10, 6 to 7. Filter out the liquid and toss the plant part of too important ways to measure pH is by using indicators on by using a pH meter. Repeat step 4 with the remaining solutions. The possibility of solution contamination is high because the pH paper is in contact with the air and it is non-washable. Soak a filter paper or coffee filter in this liquid. This indicator contains anthocyanin, which has pigment that reacts in a different way to acids and bases [ 7 ]. Some of the foods yielded obvious results immediately. If it stays about the same, it is neutral. Materials Needed • Red cabbage• Knife (Use only under adult supervision; preferably let the adult do the chopping)• Blender• Strainer• Bowl• Clear This natural pH indicator is made by extracting a pigment from red cabbage leaves and is often used in place of synthetic indicators due to its low cost and non-toxicity. Recently, research has found the role of food, particularly antioxidants We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Oct 26, 2023 · The day before the activity, prepare the red cabbage indicator: Fill a large pot with water and bring the water to a boil. It contaminates the solution. However, litmus paper has its advantages and disadvantages when compared to other natural indicators. ) Testing pH: 4. Health Benefits of Cabbage. Step 1. Jun 3, 2020 · It helps fortify our immune systems, aids in the production of collagen, and helps keep our bones and teeth and healthy. You can also purchase beetroot juice that will work straight from the bottle! VIDEO ANSWER: We're using red juice as an indicator if we have a solution of acetic acid tie traded with 10 Moeller 100. Hold the bag at the top with one hand and squish the leaves in the water with the other Apr 18, 2022 · Red cabbage anthocyanins are of great interest as natural food colorants in the food industry; as they represent the color over a broad range of pH-values compared to anthocyanins from other Oct 12, 2012 · Cabbage juice is an acid-base indicator (a chemical that tells you something about other chemicals). Remove as much air as possible from the bag and seal it. In test tube two, 1 ml of 1 M Acetic Acid mixed with the red cabbage juice turned Pink. Helps Fight Free Radicals 3. *An alternate source of cabbage juice is to purchase a can or jar of cabbage, drain off the juice, and discard the cabbage. Use litmus paper and a pH Sensor to determine the pH values of household substances. The color spectra obtained by adding the red cabbage extract to each of the eight solutions of the known pH values can be Sep 24, 2010 · Red Cabbage Image courtesy of Tamara Kulikova / iStockphoto. 7 at 25 25 ∘ C) is colorless in acidic solutions (precisely 0 <pH < 8. Step 1 Jan 25, 2012 · 5. Doubt on reproducibility. Jul 6, 2020 · Cabbage can be eaten as vegetable, added to salads, or prepared as cabbage juice. S tart by cutting the red cabbage roughly into small pieces. The household solutions that are acids are Vinegar , Lemon Juice , and Soda Dec 18, 2023 · STEP 1. ii. Take one strip and put a drop of soap solution on it. Ans: Red cabbage is a good indicator, but it has its disadvantages which are as follows: It is slower than litmus paper, it contaminates the solution, it does not tell about the acidic or basic strength, it requires more solutions than litmus paper, and if the solution is dark, the colour change is not visible. Mar 23, 2019 · Add a comment. 7) Discard the solid cabbage and filter paper into the trash. iii. When using liquid pH indicators, the sample solution should, preferably, be clear and colorless. Can red cabbage juice be used as an indicator for pH? Chop up several red cabbage leaves. Using a straw, blow your breath through the cabbage indicator solution. Sep 16, 2016 · In this experiment, you will use litmus and a computer-‐‐interfaced pH sensor to determine the pH values of household substances. 3. It can distinctly show whether a substance is acidic or basic by changing to red in acidic environments and blue in basic environments. Dec 27, 2015 · Others are plants and leaves such as red cabbage extract, blueberry juice, black tea, beet juice, rhubarb, and tomato leaves . What are the disadvantages of litmus and red cabbage juice indicators? to find out if something is a base or an acid What are the disadvantages of litmus and red cabbage juice indicators? They only have two coloured forms - one colour in acid and another in alkali. Unlike the litmus paper, the red cabbage paper gets its color with a little delay. There is a whole color scale you can use to Jan 25, 2023 · Consuming red cabbage juice offers these health benefits. Below are some of the Pros and Cons of Cabbage. Easy and fast possibly takes maybe 30-60 seconds. 500 mL beaker or large jar. 5 to 8. Boil the cabbage uncovered for about 15 minutes, stirring occasionally, let it cool, and strain the juice into a jar or bowl. Tear several leaves of red cabbage into small pieces and place into zip-closing plastic bag. Studies show drinking its juice results in better absorption of beta carotene, compared with eating whole cabbage (21, 22). In test tube four, the red cabbage juice was put in the test tube because it was the non- buffer and since it was only the red cabbage juice in the test tube it was May 5, 2019 · Additionally, the juice of red cabbage is used as a home-made pH indicator, which turns red in acid and green/yellow in basic solutions. In an earlier lab, you used a pH meter to test for pH. Jan 21, 2019 · Red cabbage juice has been used as a natural pH indicator . May 18, 2021 · List advantages and disadvantages of litmus and red cabbage juice indicators. iv. Nutrition in other types of cabbage. Use slower, deeper breaths that come from your lungs rather than quick, shallow breaths that primarily exhale air that was just inhaled. Apr 29, 2024 · On a perpetual journey towards the idea of home, he uses words to educate, inspire, uplift and evolve. The advantage of indicators is that they're quick. v. 700 Magenta lemon juice soft drink drain cleaner no reaction detergent baking soda no reaction red red no raction 3. Those anthocyanins that give this cabbage its color are rich in antioxidants and are quite abundant in this red vegetable. If it turns a pinkish color, the substance was an acid. 3 is alkaline. put small pieces of purple cabbage in hot water and stir it and leave it for 20 min and take only water. In acid-base titrations, synthetic indicators are exclusively used to find accurate end-point determinations because they always have a highly defined color change at certain pHs. Red Cabbage Indicator 1. Can we use cabbage juice indicator to determine the pH of a cola drink or root beer? Yes, we can use cabbage juice indicator to determine the pH of a cola drink or root beer. 7 milligrams or 56% of the daily value. 1 heart red cabbage. (Note that 8. Place your cut up cabbage in a medium saucepan and boil for 5 minutes. Aug 28, 2020 · Cabbage benefits for skin. Figure 1. Boil until the liquid turns light purple. What is it about cabbage that causes this to happen? Red cabbage contains a water-soluble pigment called anthocyanin that changes color when it is mixed with an acid or a base. Place a strainer or cheesecloth over a large beaker or pitcher and pour the blended cabbage juice through the strainer. Dec 18, 2023 · STEP 1. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using a nautral indicator versus a pH meter. While waiting, set up your 7 clear containers for each testing liquid. Wiki User. Blend 2 cups of chopped cabbage. i. Easily available Oct 20, 2022 · Ans: Red cabbage is a good indicator, but it has its disadvantages which are as follows: It is slower than litmus paper, it contaminates the solution, it does not tell about the acidic or basic strength, it requires more solutions than litmus paper, and if the solution is dark, the colour change is not visible. The cabbage juice… Because red cabbage has this indicator pigment, it is possible to determine the pH of a solution based on the color it turns the red cabbage juice. Cabbage juice is abundant in various antioxidants, such as anthocyanins and sulforaphane. ba wv hy ih kk gw lk nm jo cy